Non-State Armed Groups

Citation:

Ibarra Melo, María Eugenia. 2009. “Mujeres e Insurrección en Colombia: Reconfiguración de la Identidad Femenina en la Guerrilla.” Santiago de Cali, Colombia: Pontificia Universidad Javeriana.

Author: María Eugenia Ibarra Melo

Annotation:

Contenido:

Capítulo I: Identidad de género y participación política en conflictos armados

1. El concepto de identidad

2. La guerra y la violencia desde su perspectiva de género

3. Las mujeres en el ciclo de paz y guerra: un análisis desde la perspectiva de género

4. La lucha armada como opción política

Capítulo II: La experiencia de las mujeres en las guerrillas colombianas

1. El contexto sociopolítico de la incorporación

2. La participación de las mujeres en los “proyectos revolucionarios”

3. Cuando ellas deciden la opción armada: tipología de la vinculación de mujeres a las guerrillas

Capítulo III: Las vicisitudes de la militancia femenina en la guerrilla

1. La entrada en escena de las mujeres en el movimiento insurgente

2. La exclusión de las mujeres en los niveles superiores de la estructura jerárquica

3. El proceso de identificación personal y colectiva en la guerra

4. El balance de la militancia

Topics: Armed Conflict, Civil Wars, Civil Society, Combatants, Female Combatants, Male Combatants, Gender, Women, Men, Girls, Boys, Masculinity/ies, Gender Roles, Gender Analysis, Femininity/ies, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Hierarchies, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Non-State Armed Groups, Peacebuilding, Peace Processes, Political Participation, Violence Regions: Americas, Central America, South America Countries: Colombia

Year: 2009

Relevant Links: Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Citation:

Londoño Fernández, Luz María. 2005. “La Corporalidad de las Guerras: una Mirada sobre las Mujeres Combatientes desde el Cuerpo y el Lenguaje.” Revista de Estudios Sociales, no. 21: 67–74.

Author: Luz María Londoño Fernández

Abstract:

Keywords: gender, war, women combatants, violence, body, language, gênero, guerra, mujeres combatientes, violencia, cuerpo, lenguaje

Topics: Armed Conflict, Civil Wars, Civil Society, Combatants, Female Combatants, DDR, Gender, Women, Men, Masculinity/ies, Gender Roles, Gender Analysis, Femininity/ies, Gendered Discourses, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Non-State Armed Groups, Political Participation, Violence Regions: Americas, Central America, South America Countries: Colombia

Year: 2005

Citation:

Carmona Parra, Jaime Alberto, Florentino Moreno Martín, and Felipe Tobón Hoyos. 2011. “La Carrera de las Niñas en los Grupos Guerrilleros y Paramilitares en Colombia: un Estudio desde el Punto de Vista del Agente.” Doctoral thesis, Universidad Complutense de Madrid.

Authors: Jaime Alberto Carmona Parra, Florentino Moreno Martín, Felipe Tobón Hoyos

Topics: Armed Conflict, Civil Wars, Civil Society, Combatants, Child Soldiers, Gender, Girls, Boys, Gender Roles, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Hierarchies, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Non-State Armed Groups, Political Participation, Violence Regions: Americas, Central America, South America Countries: Colombia

Year: 2011

Citation:

Guerra Lemoine, Gustavo A. 2009. “Justicia y Seguridad para las Víctimas del Conflicto Armado: Análisis con Perspectiva de Género.” Iniciativa de Mujeres Colombianas por la Paz, 10–115.

Author: Gustavo A. Guerra Lemoine

Topics: Armed Conflict, Civil Wars, Civil Society, Gender, Women, Men, Girls, Boys, Gender Roles, Gender Analysis, Gender-Based Violence, Gendered Power Relations, Justice, International Tribunals & Special Courts, Reparations, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Non-State Armed Groups, Political Participation, Violence Regions: Americas, Central America, South America Countries: Colombia

Year: 2009

Relevant Links: http://www.bdigital.unal.edu.co/49913/

Citation:

Rodríguez Pizarro, Alba Nubia. 2008. “Entre el Compromiso y la Huida: Mujeres Militantes en los Grupos Insurgentes Colombianos.” Amnis, no. 8: 1–10.

Author: Alba Nubia Rodríguez Pizarro

Abstract:

Topics: Armed Conflict, Civil Wars, Civil Society, Combatants, Female Combatants, Male Combatants, Gender, Women, Men, Girls, Masculinity/ies, Gender Roles, Femininity/ies, Gendered Discourses, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Hierarchies, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Non-State Armed Groups, Political Participation, Violence Regions: Americas, Central America, South America Countries: Colombia

Year: 2008

Citation:

Rodríguez Pizarro, Alba Nubia. 2009. “Acción Colectiva, Violencia Política y Género: el Análisis de las Organizaciones Insurgentes Político-militares en Colombia: el Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN) Actor de Referencia.” PhD Thesis, Madrid: Universidad Complutense de Madrid.

Author: Alba Nubia Rodríguez Pizarro

Abstract:

El objetivo de este trabajo es contribuir al conocimiento de los actores del conflicto armado (organizaciones político-militares) y a la discusión sobre la confrontación armada en Colombia, a partir del análisis de la construcción social y cultural de un actor colectivo insurgente que emplea la violencia como medio de acción y que ha estado inmerso en el conflicto armado de larga duración que se vive en el país desde hace aproximadamente cinco décadas. La construcción social y cultural de los actores y sus acciones implica individuos en relación (hombres y mujeres), por tanto la perspectiva de género se convirtió en un enfoque transversal a la indagación y al análisis de los procesos que subyacen a la construcción social y cultural del actor de referencia. (E-prints Universidad Complutense de Madrid)

Topics: Armed Conflict, Civil Wars, Civil Society, Combatants, Female Combatants, Male Combatants, Displacement & Migration, Gender, Women, Men, Girls, Boys, Masculinity/ies, Gender Roles, Femininity/ies, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Hierarchies, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Non-State Armed Groups, Political Participation, Violence Regions: Americas, Central America, South America Countries: Colombia

Year: 2009

Citation:

Cooter, Amy. 2013. "Americanness, Masculinity, and Whiteness: How Michigan Militia Men Navigate Evolving Social Norms." PhD. Diss. University of Michigan. 

Author: Amy Cooter

Abstract:

This dissertation is based on three years of ethnographic fieldwork and 40 indepth interviews with members of the Michigan militia. Militia members are mostly white men who believe in an originalist interpretation of the Constitution. Armed with rifles, they practice paramilitary exercises and protest various government actions. Militia members see themselves as "super citizens" who embody national ideals of freedom and equality even as they face public criticism as being violent, socially regressive, and racist. My dissertation examines how members respond to changing ideas about equality and inclusion while belonging to a group that lauds a mythic vision of the nation where white men had exclusive social power. I find that most militia members genuinely try to be egalitarian, and the ways in which they fail are instructive regarding white men's conceptualizations of other groups. I argue that an idealized national identity, strongly influenced by mythical stories of the country's founding, shapes members' responses to a variety of issues. Specifically, I find that members use the militia space to test and expand constructions of what it means to be a man in contemporary U.S. society even as they reference themes of a traditional, hegemonic masculinity when explaining their militia participation. Regarding race, militia members tend to be accepting of African Americans, but make very little effort to accept Muslim Americans. I argue that members have largely integrated anti-racist norms about African Americans, but they fear physical harm and change to an idealized national identity from Muslims as a result of past violence and attendant political change. Militia members' relationship to authority, primarily embodied by law enforcement actors is similarly complex. Members are likely to comply with authoritative actions they understand to be legitimate and in accordance with Constitutional principles and defy those actions they understand to be illegitimate. This work challenges current understandings of masculinity and whiteness, particularly among lower-middle class, American men as it shows that men who strongly value a mythical American identity that is premised on the social power of white men nonetheless consciously grapple with issues of gendered and raced equality.

Topics: Civil Society, Gender, Men, Masculinity/ies, Gendered Power Relations, Patriarchy, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Militias, Non-State Armed Groups, Race, Religion, Rights, Violence, Weapons /Arms Regions: Americas, North America Countries: United States of America

Year: 2013

Citation:

Green, James N. 2012. "'Who Is the Macho Who Wants to Kill Me?' Male Homosexuality, Revolutionary Masculinity, and the Brazilian Armed Struggle of the 1960s and 1970s." Hispanic American Historical Review 92 (3): 437-69. doi:10.1215/00182168-1600288.

Author: James N. Green

Keywords: LGBT, homophobia, homosexuality, armed conflict, non-state actors, Brazil

Topics: Armed Conflict, Gender, Masculinity/ies, LGBTQ, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Non-State Armed Groups, Sexuality Regions: Americas, South America Countries: Brazil

Year: 2012

Citation:

Rojas, Catalina. 2004. In the Midst of War: Women’s Contribution to Peace in Colombia. Cambridge, MA: Hunt Alternatives Fund.

Author: Catalina Rojas

Abstract:

Women have been victims and actors in Colombia’s cycles of violence and peace. In talks organized by President Andrés Pastrana in 1999, women represented both the government and FARC, the major guerrilla group. In 2000, 600 women participated in a women’s public forum that pressed FARC and government leaders to consider women’s concerns. In 2002, women’s groups continued to work towards peace after talks fell apart, reaching a consensus on the issues affecting Colombian women. In spite of the dangers women face as a result of being recognized as political leaders, they remain at the forefront of local efforts for peace.

This publication assesses the importance of a gender perspective in peace negotiations and documents the critical work of women at the local, regional, and national levels to mitigate the effects of continued violence on their communities, mobilize for renewed dialogues, and prepare for the next cycle of peace in Colombia. (Institute for Inclusive Security)

Topics: Armed Conflict, Civil Society, Combatants, Female Combatants, DDR, Gender, Gender Roles, Governance, Post-Conflict Governance, Justice, International Tribunals & Special Courts, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Non-State Armed Groups, NGOs, Nonviolence, Peacebuilding, Peace Processes, Post-Conflict, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, UN Security Council Resolutions on WPS, UNSCR 1325, Violence Regions: Americas, South America Countries: Colombia

Year: 2004

Citation:

Coleman, Llezlie Green. 2002. “Gender Hate Propaganda and Sexual Violence in the Rwandan Genocide: An Argument for Intersectionality in International Law.” Columbia Human Rights Law Review 33 (3): 733-76.

Author: Llezlie Green Coleman

Abstract:

This article explores the gendered dimensions of genocidal hate propaganda before and during the Rwandan genocide and proposes that the international tribunal consider these cases with an intersectional approach that attempts to fully appreciate the harm inflicted upon Tutsi women.

Keywords: human rights, genocide, critical theory

Topics: Armed Conflict, Civil Wars, Ethnic/Communal Wars, Ethnicity, Gender, Women, Gender-Based Violence, Genocide, International Law, International Criminal Law, International Human Rights, Justice, Crimes against Humanity, International Tribunals & Special Courts, TRCs, Non-State Armed Groups, Race, Rights, Women's Rights, Sexual Violence, Male Perpetrators, Rape, SV against Women, Violence Regions: Africa, Central Africa, East Africa Countries: Rwanda

Year: 2002