Migration

Citation:

Agutter, Karen, and Catherine Kevin. 2018. "Lost in Translation: Managing Medicalised Motherhood in Post-world War Two Australian Migrant Accommodation Centres." Women's History Review 27 (7): 1065-84.

Authors: Karen Agutter, Catherine Kevin

Abstract:

Women who began their lives as ‘New Australians’ in migrant centres, arriving from refugee camps and war-ravaged homelands, brought with them a range of interpretations of good health and its management. In post-WWII Australia, the medicalisation of maternity and infant welfare intensified in the context of a renewed anxiety about population and recent medical developments. This article investigates the systems and quality of care given to pregnant women, infants and new mothers in government funded accommodation centres. This care was delivered in the highly politicised context of a mass migration scheme sold to the host population as coming at minimum social and economic cost. We assess the impact of this political context on the care that was provided and reveal health care settings to be crucial sites for the examination of the complex biopolitics of gendered citizenship within the mass migration scheme.

Topics: Displacement & Migration, Migration, Refugees, Gender, Health, Reproductive Health, Livelihoods, Post-Conflict Regions: Oceania Countries: Australia

Year: 2018

Citation:

Stoltz, Pauline. 2020. Gender, Resistance and Transnational Memories of Violent Conflicts. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.

Author: Pauline Stoltz

Keywords: memory, transitional justice, resistance, Gender, transnationalism, conflict

Annotation:

Topics: Armed Conflict, National Liberation Wars, Occupation, Coloniality/Post-Coloniality, Displacement & Migration, Migration, Refugees, Conflict, Gender, Genocide, Justice, Transitional Justice, Rights, Human Rights, Violence Regions: Asia, Southeast Asia Countries: Indonesia

Year: 2020

Citation:

Gunawardana, Samanthi Jayasekara. 2018. “Rural Women’s Livelihoods in Post-Conflict Sri Lanka: Connections between Participation in Agriculture and Care Work across the Life-Course.” Monash Gender Peace and Security Centre Research Papers 1/2018, Monash University, Melbourne.

Author: Samanthi Jayasekara Gunawardana

Annotation:

Topics: Agriculture, Displacement & Migration, Migration, Economies, Care Economies, Gender, Women, Households, Livelihoods, Post-Conflict Regions: Asia, South Asia Countries: Sri Lanka

Year: 2018

Citation:

United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM). 2006. Tierra, Derechos y Género. Leyes, Políticas y Prácticas en Contextos de Guerra y Paz. Bogotá: United Nations. 

Author: Donny Meertens

Annotation:

"Este documento ofrece una primera mirada sobre la problemática de los derechos de las mujeres a la propiedad de la tierra en Colombia, con miras a describir su devenir histórico, visibilizar las dificultades persistentes e identificar los retos tanto para la política pública como para los movimientos de mujeres que buscan ampliar y consolidar su ciudadanía. La preocupación por esta temática se enmarca dentro de los dos objetivos del Programa de Paz y Seguridad de UNIFEM en Colombia: visibilizar el impacto diferenciado del conflicto sobre las mujeres y fortalecer los enfoques de prevención y protección para mujeres afectadas por el conflicto" (Meertens 2006, 4).

Topics: Armed Conflict, Conflict Prevention, Displacement & Migration, Migration, Conflict, Gender, Women, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Paramilitaries, Rights, Land Rights Regions: Americas, South America Countries: Colombia

Year: 2006

Citation:

Afonso, Alexandre. 2019. “Migrant Workers or Working Women? Comparing Labour Supply Policies in Post-War Europe.” Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis: Research and Practice 21 (3): 251-69.

Author: Alexandre Afonso

Abstract:

Why did some European countries choose migrant labour to expand their labour force in the decades that followed World War II, while others opted for measures to expand female employment via welfare expansion? The paper argues that gender norms and the political strength of the left were important structuring factors in these choices. Female employment required a substantial expansion of state intervention (e.g. childcare; paid maternity leave). Meanwhile, migrant recruitment required minimal public investments, at least in the short term, and preserved traditional gender roles. Using the contrasting cases of Sweden and Switzerland, the article argues that the combination of a weak left (labour unions and social democratic parties) and conservative gender norms fostered the massive expansion of foreign labour and a late development of female labour force participation in Switzerland. In contrast, more progressive gender norms and a strong labour movement put an early end to guest worker programmes in Sweden, and paved the way for policies to promote female labour force participation.

Keywords: labour migration, female employment, Switzerland, Comparative public policy, sweden

Topics: Displacement & Migration, Migration, Economies, Gender, Women, Gender Roles, Livelihoods, Post-Conflict Regions: Europe, Nordic states, Northern Europe, Western Europe Countries: Sweden, Switzerland

Year: 2019

Citation:

Adekola, Paul O., Dominic Azuh, Emmanuel O. Amoo, and Gracie Brownell. 2019. “Restoration of Water Supply in Post-Conflict Communities in Nigeria and Sustainable Reintegration.” International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology 10 (2): 191–201.

Authors: Paul O. Adekola, Dominic Azuh, Emmanuel O. Amoo, Gracie Brownell

Abstract:

In post-conflict community rebuilding, the significance of reintegration exercise for returning displaced persons and the manner of programs put in place will determine whether they will be sustainable reintegrated or otherwise. However, there is little empirical documentation regarding critical questions such as: Can restoration of vandalized sources of water supply in their communities of origin guarantee sustainable reintegration as they return home? How can regular water supply aid their occupation to blossom so that earning a living is not difficult? What significant relationships exist between the background characteristics of returning migrants and water supply as an integral part of social reintegration strategy? Using a case study of the returning displaced persons in North-East Nigeria, this paper addresses these questions.

Keywords: post-conflict, sustainable reintegration, communities, displaced persons, Nigeria

Topics: Displacement & Migration, Migration, Infrastructure, Water & Sanitation, Livelihoods, Post-Conflict, Post-Conflict Reconstruction Regions: Africa, West Africa Countries: Nigeria

Year: 2019

Citation:

Macedo, Mariana, Laura Lotero, Alessio Cardillo, Hugo Barbosa, and Ronaldo Menezes. 2020. “Gender Patterns of Human Mobility in Colombia: Reexamining Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration.” In Complex Networks XI, edited by Hugo Barbosa, Jesus Gomez-Gardenes, Bruno Gonçalves, Giuseppe Mangioni, Ronaldo Menezes, and Marcos Oliveira, 269–81. Cham: Springer Publishing Company, Inc.

Authors: Mariana Macedo, Laura Lotero, Alessio Cardillo, Hugo Barbosa, Ronaldo Menezes

Abstract:

Public stakeholders implement several policies and regulations to tackle gender gaps, fostering the change in the cultural constructs associated with gender. One way to quantify if such changes elicit gender equality is by studying mobility. In this work, we study the daily mobility patterns of women and men occurring in Medellín (Colombia) in two years: 2005 and 2017. Specifically, we focus on the spatiotemporal differences in the travels and find that purpose of travel and occupation characterise each gender differently. We show that women tend to make shorter trips, corroborating Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration. Our results indicate that urban mobility in Colombia seems to behave in agreement with the “archetypal” case studied by Ravenstein.

Keywords: gender gap, Ravenstein's laws of migration, urban mobility, networks

Topics: Displacement & Migration, Migration, Gender, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Equality/Inequality, Livelihoods Regions: Americas, South America Countries: Colombia

Year: 2020

Citation:

Sultana, Farhana. 2020. “Embodied Intersectionalities of Urban Citizenship: Water, Infrastructure, and Gender in the Global South.” Annals of the American Association of Geographers. doi:10.1080/24694452.2020.1715193.

Author: Farhana Sultana

Abstract:

Scholars have demonstrated that citizenship is tied to water provision in megacities of the Global South where water crises are extensive and the urban poor often do not have access to public water supplies. Drawing from critical feminist scholarship, this article argues for the importance of analyzing the connections between embodied intersectionalities of sociospatial differences (in this instance, gender, class, and migrant status) and materialities (of water and water infrastructure) and their relational effects on urban citizenship. Empirical research from the largest informal settlement in Dhaka, Bangladesh, as well as surrounding affluent neighborhoods, demonstrates that differences in water insecurity and precarity not only reinforce heightened senses of exclusion among the urban poor but affect their lived citizenship practices, community mobilizations, and intersectional claims-making to urban citizenship, recognition, and belonging through water. Spatial and temporal dimensions of materialities of water and infrastructure intersect with embodiments of gender, class, and migrant status unevenly in the urban waterscape to create differentiated urban citizens in spaces of abjection and dispossession. The article argues that an everyday embodied perspective on intersectionalities of urban citizenship enriches the scholarship on the water–citizenship nexus.

Keywords: citizenship, embodied, infrastructure, intersectionality, urban, water

Topics: Citizenship, Class, Migration, Urban Displacement, Economies, Poverty, Feminisms, Gender, Infrastructure, Water & Sanitation Regions: Asia, South Asia Countries: Bangladesh

Year: 2020

Citation:

Patel, Amrita and Jasmine Giri. 2019. "Climate Change, Migration and Women: Analysing Construction Workers in Odisha." Social Change 49 (1): 97-113.

Authors: Amrita Patel, Jasmine Giri

Abstract:

The research article seeks to focus on the status of women from the coastal districts of Odisha who have become migrants essentially because of repeated floods and extreme climatic events. Fluctuating weather conditions, the consequent depletion of agricultural work and availability of other forms of employment in their place of origin are some reasons behind the migration of these women. The study particularly looks at Bhubaneswar where women, largely illiterate and landless, mostly belonging to Scheduled Caste groups, have been able to find work on construction sites. Despite evident hardship, they have been able to meet the challenges of living in new urban destinations and in the process better their living conditions. This can be seen in the improvement of their financial status, a new-found focus of educating their daughters, the development of levels of self-confidence and the overcoming of some deeply entrenched social barriers. However, in other areas, the marginalisation of such groups continues, and vulnerabilities prevail in many forms, evident, for instance, in the lack of land ownership by women, the absence of opportunities to upgrade skills to access better work opportunities and issues of safety and security of young girls.

Keywords: women, migrants, climate change, construction workers

Topics: Agriculture, Caste, Displacement & Migration, Migration, Climate Displacement, Environment, Climate Change, Gender, Women, Livelihoods Regions: Asia, South Asia Countries: India

Year: 2019

Citation:

Bhatta, Gopal Datt, Pramod Kumar Aggarwal, Santosh Poudel, and Debbie Anne Belgrave. 2015. "Climate-induced Migration in South Asia: Migration Decisions and the Gender Dimensions of Adverse Climatic Events." Journal of Rural and Community Development 10 (4): 1-23.

Authors: Gopal Datt Bhatta, Pramod Kumar Aggarwol, Santosh Poudel, Debbie Anne Belgrave

Abstract:

There is significant interest in determining the role of climate-induced shocks as a prominent driver on migration decisions of different groups of farmers in South Asia. Using data from a survey of 2,660 farm-families and focused group discussions in Bihar (India), Terai (plains) (Nepal) and coastal Bangladesh, we employed logistic regression to investigate household response towards migration and gender dimensions of adverse climatic events. The results suggest that migration decisions depend on farmers’ unique resource profiles: (a) households that use migration to improve their resilience, mostly resource rich households; (b) households that have no alternative but to migrate, mostly poor farmers; and (c) households who cannot migrate due to different socio-economic obligations, mostly farmers with intermediate level of income that also includes women, children and elderly of different income profiles. These profiles represent a spectrum with households within a profile being closer to one or the other of the profiles on either side. They are not mutually exclusive and serve as a point of departure for further research to refine key explanatory variables. Given that some members of the household pursue migration as a result of adverse climatic events, government strategies are required to mitigate risks at destinations and create opportunities for the trapped populations.

Keywords: distress migration, climatic risks, extreme events, rainfall variability, gender dimensions, South Asia

Topics: Agriculture, Displacement & Migration, Migration, Climate Displacement, Environment, Climate Change, Gender, Women, Households Regions: Asia, South Asia Countries: Bangladesh, India, Nepal

Year: 2015