Masculinity/ies

Citation:

Hautzinger, Sarah. 2007. Violence in the City of Women: Police and Batterers in Bahia, Brazil. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Author: Sarah Hautzinger

Abstract:

Brazil's innovative all-female police stations, installed as part of the return to civilian rule in the 1980s, mark the country's first effort to police domestic violence against women. Sarah J. Hautzinger's vividly detailed, accessibly written study explores this phenomenon as a window onto the shifting relationship between violence and gendered power struggles in the city of Salvador da Bahia. Hautzinger brings together distinct voices—unexpectedly macho policewomen, the battered women they are charged with defending, indomitable Bahian women who disdain female victims, and men who grapple with changing pressures related to masculinity and honor. What emerges is a view of Brazil's policing experiment as a pioneering, and potentially radical, response to demands of the women's movement to build feminism into the state in a society fundamentally shaped by gender.

Topics: Domestic Violence, Feminisms, Gender, Women, Masculinity/ies, Gender-Based Violence, Gendered Power Relations, Security, Security Sector Reform Regions: Americas, South America Countries: Brazil

Year: 2007

Citation:

Jeffreys, Sheila. 2007. “Double Jeopardy: Women, the US Military and the War in Iraq.” Women’s Studies International Forum 30 (1): 16–25.

Author: Sheila Jeffreys

Abstract:

This article argues that women in the military are in double jeopardy. They face the danger of rape from their male colleagues as well as the ordinary dangers of being killed or wounded by the enemy. They are used to send messages from one masculine military to another in their very bodies. This is particularly clear in the case of Lynndie England and the Abu Ghraib tortures where her womanhood, and sexual use of her by her comrades, were used as weapons to humiliate Iraqi prisoners. This sexual violence from their own side is the result of the fact that militaries are founded upon an aggressive masculinity that is vital to enable warfare to continue. For this reason the argument that it is important from the point of view of equal opportunities for women to be in all areas of the military, including the frontline, falls down. If aggressive masculinity is the necessary foundation of the military rather than being an unfortunate hangover of patriarchy, then women cannot be equal in this institution. Women's organizations should not be using the language of women's rights in calling for the subjection of women to these forms of violence.

Topics: Armed Conflict, Combatants, Gender, Masculinity/ies, Gendered Power Relations, Patriarchy, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Militaries, Rights, Women's Rights, Sexual Violence, Male Perpetrators, Rape, SV against Women, Violence, Weapons /Arms Regions: Americas, North America Countries: United States of America

Year: 2007

Citation:

Ní Aoláin, Fionnuala, Naomi Cahn, and Dina Haybes. 2012. "Masculinities and Child Soldiers in Post-Conflict Societies." In Masculinities and the Law: A Multidimensional Approach, edited by Frank Rudy Cooper and Ann C. McGinley, 231-51. New York: NYU Press.

Authors: Dina Francesca Haynes, Fionnuala Ní Aoláin, Naomi Cahn

Annotation:

Topics: Armed Conflict, Gender, Masculinity/ies, Gendered Power Relations, Patriarchy, Conflict, Post-Conflict, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, Violence

Year: 2012

Citation:

Fulu, Emma, X. Warner, S. Miedema, R. Jewkes, T. Roselli and J. Lang. 2013. Why Do Some Men Use Violence against Women and How Can We Prevent It? - Quantitative Findings from the United Nations Multi-Country Study on Men and Violence in Asia and the Pacific. Bangkok: UN Partners for Prevention.

Authors: Emma Fulu, X. Warner, S. Miedema, R. Jewkes, T. Roselli, J. Lang

Topics: Domestic Violence, Gender, Masculinity/ies, Gender-Based Violence, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Equality/Inequality, Households, Rights, Human Rights, Women's Rights, Sexual Violence, Rape, SV against Men Regions: Asia, Oceania

Year: 2013

Citation:

Clarke, Yaliwe. 2008. “Security Sector Reform in Africa: A Lost Opportunity to Deconstruct Militarised Masculinities?” Feminist Africa 10: 49-66.

Author: Yaliwe Clarke

Topics: Gender, Masculinity/ies, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Militarism, Security Sector Reform Regions: Africa

Year: 2008

Citation:

Baaz, Maria Eriksson, and Maria Stern. 2011. “Whores, Men, and Other Misfits: Undoing ‘Feminization’ in the Armed Forces in the DRC.” African Affairs 110 (441): 563–85.

Authors: Maria Eriksson Baaz, Maria Stern

Abstract:

The global attention focused on sexual violence in the DRC has not only contributed to an image of the Congolese army as a vestige of pre-modern barbarism, populated by rapists, and bearing no resemblance to the world of modern armies; it has also shaped gender and defense reform initiatives. These initiatives have become synonymous with combating sexual violence, reflecting an assumption that the gendered dynamics of the army are already known. Crucial questions such as the ‘feminization’ of the armed forces are consequently neglected. Based on in-depth interviews with soldiers in the Congolese armed forces, this article analyses the discursive strategies male soldiers employ in relation to the feminization of the army. In the light of the need to reform the military and military masculinities, the article discusses how globalized discourses and practices render the Congolese military a highly globalized sphere. It also highlights the particular and local ways in which military identities are produced through gender, and concludes that a simple inclusion of women in the armed forces in order to render men less violent might not have the pacifying effect intended.

Topics: Combatants, Male Combatants, Gender, Men, Masculinity/ies, Femininity/ies, Globalization, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Militaries, Sexual Violence, Rape Regions: Africa, Central Africa Countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo

Year: 2011