HIV/AIDS

Citation:

Cohn, Carol, ed. 2012. "Sexual Violence and Women's Health in War." Chap. 3 in Women and Wars. Malden, MA: Polity Press. 

Author: Pamela DeLargy

Topics: Armed Conflict, Domestic Violence, Gender, Women, Gender-Based Violence, Health, HIV/AIDS, Mental Health, Reproductive Health, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Militarization, Sexual Violence, Male Perpetrators, Rape, Sexual Exploitation and Abuse, SV against Women

Year: 2012

Citation:

West, Brooke S., Jennifer S. Hirsch, and Wafaa El-sadr. 2013. “HIV and H2O: Tracing the Connections Between Gender, Water and HIV.” AIDS and Behavior 17 (5): 1675–82.

Authors: Brooke S. West, Jennifer S. Hirsch, Wafaa El-sadr

Abstract:

The health consequences for HIV-affected families of insufficient access to safe water and sanitation are particularly dire: inadequate access complicates medication adherence and increases vulnerability to opportunistic infections for persons living with HIV. The gendered nature of water collection and HIV care--with women disproportionately bearing the burden in both areas--presents an unrealized opportunity to improve HIV outcomes through investments in water/sanitation. We synthesize the literature on HIV and water/sanitation to develop a conceptual model that maps the connections between women's double burden of resource collection and HIV care. Drawing on theories of gender and systems science, we posit that there are multiple paths through which improved water/sanitation could improve HIV-related outcomes. Our findings suggest that the positive synergies of investing in water/sanitation in high HIV prevalence communities that are also expanding access to ART would be significant, with health multiplying effects that impact women and entire communities.

Keywords: water and sanitation, HIV, Antiretroviral therapy, Sub-Saharan Africa, gender

Topics: Gender, Women, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Equality/Inequality, Health, HIV/AIDS, Infrastructure, Water & Sanitation Regions: Africa, Central Africa, East Africa, Southern Africa, West Africa

Year: 2013

Citation:

Jacobson, Ruth. 2013. "Women 'after” Wars." In Women and Wars, edited by Carol Cohn. Cambridge: Polity Press. 215-42

Author: Ruth Jacobson

Topics: Armed Conflict, "New Wars", Combatants, Female Combatants, DDR, Development, Displacement & Migration, IDPs, Refugees, Refugee/IDP Camps, Economies, Gender, Women, Girls, Gender Analysis, Gender Balance, Gender Mainstreaming, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Equality/Inequality, Gender Equity, Globalization, Governance, Constitutions, Post-Conflict Governance, Health, HIV/AIDS, Reproductive Health, Infrastructure, International Financial Institutions, International Organizations, Livelihoods, Military Forces & Armed Groups, NGOs, Peacekeeping, Political Participation, Post-Conflict, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, Privatization, UN Security Council Resolutions on WPS, UNSCR 1325, Sexual Violence, Rape, Sexual Exploitation and Abuse

Year: 2013

Citation:

Author: Susan Garnett Russell, Sanaya Lim, Paul Kim, Sophie Morse

Abstract:

Topics: Armed Conflict, Gender, Women, Girls, Gender-Based Violence, Governance, Post-Conflict Governance, Health, HIV/AIDS, Mental Health, PTSD, Reproductive Health, Trauma, Justice, Crimes against Humanity, International Tribunals & Special Courts, Reparations, War Crimes, Rights, Sexual Violence, Rape Regions: Africa, Central Africa, East Africa Countries: Rwanda

Year: 2015

Citation:

Sami, Samira, Holly A Williams, Sandra Krause, Monica A Onyango, Ann Burton, and Barbara Tomczyk. 2014. “Responding to the Syrian Crisis: The Needs of Women and Girls.” The Lancet 383 (9923): 1179–81.

Authors: Samira Sami, Holly A Williams, Sandra Krause, Monica A Onyango, Ann Burton, Barbara Tomczyk

Topics: Armed Conflict, Displacement & Migration, Migration, IDPs, Refugees, Refugee/IDP Camps, Urban Displacement, Education, Gender, Women, Gender-Based Violence, Health, HIV/AIDS, Reproductive Health, Humanitarian Assistance, Sexual Violence, Rape, Sexual Exploitation and Abuse Regions: MENA, Asia, Middle East Countries: Syria

Year: 2014

Citation:

Béné, Christophe, and Sonja Merten. 2008. “Women and Fish-for-Sex: Transactional Sex, HIV/AIDS and Gender in African Fisheries.” World Development 36 (5): 875–99.

Authors: Christophe Béné, Sonja Merten

Abstract:

Keywords: artisanal fisheries, vulnerability, poverty, public health, Africa

Topics: Economies, Economic Inequality, Poverty, Gender, Women, Girls, Gendered Power Relations, Health, HIV/AIDS, Livelihoods, Sexual Livelihoods Regions: Africa

Year: 2008

Citation:

Johnson, Toni A. M. 2007. “Flamers, Flaunting and Permissible Persecution: R.G. (Colombia) v. Secretary of State for the Home Department [2006] E.W.C.A. Civ. 57.” Feminist Legal Studies 15 (1): 99–111.

Author: Toni A. M. Johnson

Abstract:

This note analyses a recent case of the English Court of Appeal in which the applicant, R.G., a gay, H.I.V. positive Colombian claimed asylum on grounds of persecution due to his sexuality. Both the Asylum and Immigration Tribunal and the Court of Appeal rejected R.G.'s claim for asylum. The Court of Appeal's first and most significant reason was that the alleged persecution was not sufficiently serious or life threatening, since R.G. had not suffered actual physical violence throughout the 13 years that he had lived as a closeted gay man in Colombia. Secondly, the court considered the real reason for R.G.'s seeking asylum was his desire to access free health care in order to manage his H.I.V. His allegations of persecution on the grounds of sexuality were viewed as a sham. This note is critical of the approach taken by the Court, which, it is argued, displays an insensitivity to the complexity of sexual identity and its performance and has the effect of perpetuating and legitimating discrimination against lesbians and gay men. 

Keywords: asylum, discretion, gay, H.I.V., medical treatment, persecution, refugee

Topics: Displacement & Migration, Refugees, Gender, Health, HIV/AIDS, LGBTQ, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Sexuality Regions: Americas, South America Countries: Colombia

Year: 2007

Citation:

Cook, Sharon Anne. 2007. “‘Sisters are Doin’ it for Themselves’: The Price of Ignoring Gender in Modern Peace Education.” Peace Research 39 (1-2): 59-74.

Author: Sharon Anne Cook

Abstract:

This article argues that the scholarly literature underpinning global and peace education largely ignores gender with troubling results. This omission makes incomprehensible a number of world crises, all of which could benefit from global and peace education. To chart the implications of this omission, this article first surveys peace education and pedagogy, demonstrating some of the intersections with the broader field of global education. Secondly, the article surveys the history of peace education, demonstrating the close interplay between women's activism and peace education. Finally, the article considers some of the effects of a gender blind analysis of peace education for students, for teachers, and for our collective future. In conclusion, the article calls us to reconsider and include gender issues within peace and global education, and to broaden what we define as peace education.

Topics: Education, Feminisms, Gender, Women, Gender Analysis, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Equity, Health, HIV/AIDS, Peacebuilding Regions: Americas, North America, Europe

Year: 2007

Citation:

Petchesky, Rosalind P. 2005. “Rights of the Body and Perversions of War: Sexual Rights and Wrongs Ten Years Past Beijing*.” International Social Science Journal 57 (184): 301–18. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2451.2005.552.x.

Author: Rosalind P. Petchesky

Topics: Gender, Masculinity/ies, Gender Roles, Health, HIV/AIDS, Mental Health, Reproductive Health, Trauma, LGBTQ, Rights, Human Rights, Sexual Violence, Rape, Sexual Exploitation and Abuse, SV against Men, SV against Women, Torture, Sexual Torture

Year: 2005

Citation:

Lorway, Robert, Gampo Dorji, Janet Bradley, B.M. Ramesh, Shajy Isaac, and James Blanchard. 2011. "The Drayang Girls of Thimphu: sexual network formation, transactional sex and emerging modernities in Bhutan." Culture, Health & Sexuality 13 (S2): S293-S308.

Authors: Robert Lorway, Gampo Dorji, Janet Bradley, B.M. Ramesh, Shajy Isaac, James Blanchard

Abstract:

Bhutan’s sustained low HIV prevalence can be attributed to its political commitment to maintain isolation from foreign cultural influence. Recently, rising HIV prevalence has coincided with the increase in human traffic along Bhutan’s borders. The majority of infections, occurring primarily through sexual contact, have appeared in the urban environments that are situated along the main transport routes. This qualitative study explored the sexual networks that form at entertainment venues in the capital city of Thimphu. To more fully understand sexual network formation at theses venues, one must take into account an emerging modernity that reflects a convergence of cultural, economic and political influences emanating from Bhutan’s unique ‘middle-path’ modernisation scheme. The growing appearance of transactional sex in Thimphu not only points to an emergent form of exploitation wrought by larger economic transformations and widening social inequalities; the power inequalities that surround its practice are also significantly exacerbated by the local cultural politics and moral ideologies that arise as Bhutan proceeds along the path towards global capitalism. Discourses of Bhutanese sexual morality articulate with broader political economic transformations to forcefully position village women engaging in transactional sex within a field of power relations that leaves them open to various forms of subjugation.

Keywords: transactional sex, sex work, Bhutan, HIV/AIDS, modernization

Topics: Development, Economies, Economic Inequality, Gender, Gender Roles, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Equality/Inequality, Health, HIV/AIDS, Sexual Violence, Sexual Exploitation and Abuse Regions: Asia, South Asia Countries: Bhutan

Year: 2011