Guatemala

Group Identity -- a Neglected Asset: Determinants of Social and Political Participation Among Female Ex-Fighters in Guatemala

Citation:

Hauge, Wenche. 2008. “Group Identity -- a Neglected Asset: Determinants of Social and Political Participation among Female Ex-Fighters in Guatemala.” Conflict, Security & Development 8 (3): 295–316.

Author: Wenche Hauge

Topics: Armed Conflict, Combatants, Female Combatants, Gender, Women, Political Participation, Post-Conflict Regions: Americas, Central America Countries: Guatemala

Year: 2008

Transnational Ruptures: Gender and Forced Migration

Citation:

Nolin, Catherine. 2006. Transnational Ruptures: Gender and Forced Migration. Burlington: Ashgate Publishing Company.

Author: Catherine Nolin

Abstract:

A key development in international migration in recent years has been the increasing feminization of migrant populations. Research attention now focuses not only on the growing number of women on the move but also on their changing gender roles as more female migrants participate as principal wage earners and heads of household rather than as 'dependants'. The tensions between population displacement within and beyond Guatemala and the multiple local, regional and national realities encountered and reconfigured by these refugee and migrants allow a fascinating window onto the connections and ruptures experienced in a 'global/local world'. Transnational Ruptures holds great interest and value for a wide readership, from scholars who are interested in transnational and refugee studies and international migration, to upper level university students in disciplines such as human geography, anthropology, sociology, Latin American Studies, gender studies, political science and international studies. (Amazon)

Topics: Displacement & Migration, Forced Migration, Gender Regions: Americas, Central America Countries: Guatemala

Year: 2006

Letter from Guatemala: Indigenous Women on Civil War

Citation:

Arias, Arturo. 2009. “Letter from Guatemala: Indigenous Women on Civil War.” PMLA: Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 124 (5): 1874-77.

Author: Arturo Arias

Abstract:

The article presents an examination into the experiences of the women soldiers of the Guatemalan Civil War, with multiple references to the essay collection "Memorias rebeldes contra el olvido," edited by Ligia Peláez. The accounts of the women who fought in the guerrilla conflict are reviewed with attention to their use of language depicting pain, survival, ethics, and empowerment.

Topics: Armed Conflict, Civil Wars, Combatants, Female Combatants, Gender, Women, Indigenous Regions: Americas, Central America Countries: Guatemala

Year: 2009

Violence and Women's Lives in Eastern Guatemala: A Conceptual Framework

Citation:

Menjivar, Cecilia. 2008. “Violence and Women's Lives in Eastern Guatemala: A Conceptual Framework.” Latin American Research Review 43 (3): 109-36.

Author: Cecilia Menjivar

Abstract:

In this article, I outline a framework to examine women's lives in eastern Guatemala, how multiple forms of violence coalesce in their everyday lives, and how these become normalized so as to become invisible and "natural." Women in western Guatemala, mostly indigenous, have received the attention of scholars who are interested in unearthing the brutality of state terror and its gendered expressions in Guatemala. My discussion builds on previous research conducted among indigenous groups in Guatemala and renders a depiction of the broad reach of violence, including expressions that are so commonplace as to become invisible. I argue that an examination of multiple forms of violence in the lives of women in eastern Guatemala, who are nonindigenous, exposes the deep and broad manifestations of living in a society engulfed in violence, thus depicting the long arm of violence.

Topics: Gender, Women, Violence Regions: Americas, Central America Countries: Guatemala

Year: 2008

Gender Conflict and Development Volume II: Case Studies: Cambodia; Rwanda; Kosovo; Algeria; Somalia; Guatemala and Eritrea

Citation:

Byrne, Bridget, Rachel Marcus, and Tanya Powers-Stevens. 1995. Gender, Conflict and Development Volume II: Case Studies: Cambodia; Rwanda; Kosovo; Algeria; Somalia; Guatemala and Eritrea. 35. Brighton, UK: Institute of Development Studies.

Authors: Bridget Byrne, Rachel Marcus, Tanya Powers-Stevens

Topics: Armed Conflict, Development, Gender Regions: Africa, MENA, Central Africa, East Africa, North Africa, Americas, Central America, Asia, Southeast Asia, Europe, Balkans, Eastern Europe Countries: Algeria, Cambodia, Eritrea, Guatemala, Kosovo, Rwanda, Somalia

Year: 1995

Country Profiles from Latin America: Colombia, Guatemala, Nicaragua

Citation:

Leonard, Melinda. 2002. “Country Profiles from Latin America: Colombia, Guatemala, Nicaragua.” In If Not Now, When? Addressing Gender-Based Violence in Refugee, Internally Displaced, and Post-Conflict Settings, 104–23. New York: Reproductive Health for Refugees Consortium.

Author: Melinda Leonard

Topics: Displacement & Migration, IDPs, Refugees, Gender, Gender-Based Violence, Health, Reproductive Health, Post-Conflict Regions: Americas, Central America, South America Countries: Colombia, Guatemala, Nicaragua

Year: 2002

Wartime Sexual Violence in Guatemala and Peru*

Citation:

Leiby, Michele L. 2009. “Wartime Sexual Violence in Guatemala and Peru*.” International Studies Quarterly 53 (2): 445–68.

Author: Michele L. Leiby

Abstract:

This article is a comparative analysis of sexual violence perpetrated by state armed forces during the Guatemalan and Peruvian civil wars. Focusing on the type of violation and the context in which it occurs provides new insights into the motives behind its use in war. It introduces a new data set on sexual violence compiled from truth commission documents and nongovernmental human rights organizations’ reports. The data reveal that members of the state armed forces perpetrated the majority of sexual violations, that rape and gang rape are the most frequent but not the only abuses committed, and that women are the overwhelming majority of victims of sexual violence. Aggregate patterns suggest that state authorities must have known of mass sexual abuse and failed to act in accordance with international law. Moreover, some evidence suggests sexual violence is used as a weapon of war. However, mono-causal models cannot sufficiently account for the variation and complexity in its use. Even within the same conflict, sexual violence can serve multiple functions in different contexts and at different points in time.

Topics: Armed Conflict, Civil Wars, International Law, Justice, TRCs, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Militaries, Sexual Violence, Rape, SV against Women Regions: Americas, Central America, South America Countries: Guatemala, Peru

Year: 2009

Violence, Power, and Participation: Building Citizenship in Contexts of Chronic Violence

Citation:

Pearce, Jenny. 2007. Violence, Power, and Participation: Building Citizenship in Contexts of Chronic Violence. Brighton: Institute of Development Studies.

Author: Jenny Pearce

Abstract:

This paper is about civil society participation in two contexts of chronic violence: Colombia and Guatemala. It explores the extent to which civil society organisations can build citizenship in such contexts and simultaneously address violence. It argues that civil society organisations can play a vital role in building citizenship and confronting violent actors and acts of violence. However, in order to address chronic, perpetuating violence and interrupt its transmission through time and space, it is important to clarify the relationship between power and violence. Conventional forms of dominating power correlate with violence. Loss of such power or a bid to gain it can lead to violence, particularly where social constructions of masculinity are affirmed by such behaviour. The paper asks whether the promotion of non-dominating forms of power are needed if we are to tackle the damaging effects on human relationships and progress of willingness to inflict direct physical hurt on the Other. Non-dominating forms of power focus on enhancing everyone’s power potential and capacity for action and promoting communication. If non-violence and non-dominating power gradually become the social norm, this might enhance citizenship and participation in ways that tackle other forms of violence, such as structural violence.

Topics: Citizenship, Civil Society, Gender, Masculinity/ies, Gendered Power Relations, Nonviolence, Violence Regions: Americas, Central America, South America Countries: Colombia, Guatemala

Year: 2007

The Gendering of Human Rights: Women and the Latin American Terrorist State

Citation:

Hollander, Nancy Caro. 1996. “The Gendering of Human Rights: Women and the Latin American Terrorist State.” Feminist Studies 22 (1): 40–80.

Author: Nancy Caro Hollander

Topics: Gender, Women, Governance, Health, Trauma, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Militaries, Militarization, Rights, Human Rights, Sexual Violence, Rape, SV against Women, Terrorism Regions: Americas, Central America, South America Countries: Argentina, Chile, El Salvador, Guatemala

Year: 1996

The Hidden Challenge to Development: Gender Based Violence in Guatemala

Citation:

Blanco, Blanca, and Lorna Hayes. 2007. “The Hidden Challenge to Development: Gender Based Violence in Guatemala.” Trócaire Development Review, 47-64.

Authors: Blanca Blanco, Lorna Hayes

Abstract:

This article examines past and current violence against women in Guatemala from a socio-economic and political context. The authors consider patterns of inequity, poverty and exclusion and describe the principle inhibiting factors, actors and perpetrators involved in violence against women. They then outline the conceptual framework and chart how this debate has evolved in Latin America, exploring the impact on gender based violence on development and democracy in Guatemala in general. The article finally summarises the multi-faceted responses required to halt such violence and draws a number of overall conclusions.

Topics: Democracy / Democratization, Development, Gender, Women, Gender-Based Violence Regions: Americas, Central America Countries: Guatemala

Year: 2007

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