Security

War as Experience: Contributions from International Relations and Feminist Analysis

Citation:

Sylvester, Christine. 2012. War as Experience: Contributions from International Relations and Feminist Analysis. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY: Routledge.

 

Author: Christine Sylvester

Abstract:

This book is a major new contribution to our understanding of war and international relations (IR). Divided into two sections, the first part surveys the state of war and war studies in international relations, security studies and in feminist international relations. The second part addresses a missing area of IR studies of war that feminism is well-placed to fill in: the emotional and physical aspects of war.  The author examines a wide variety of conflict situations, such as the Israel/Palestine dispute, the Cold War, Vietnam, Nicaragua, wars of liberation in Africa, genocidal war in Rwanda; humanitarian interventionist war in the Balkans, the recent wars in Afghanistan and Iraq and the 'war on terror'.  Drawing on the latest feminist thinking, the author demonstrates how war is experienced as a body-based politics and in so doing provides an innovative and challenging corrective to traditional theories of war in international relations. This will be essential reading for all those with an interest in gender, war and international relations.
 
(Routledge)

Topics: Armed Conflict, Combatants, Feminisms, Gender, Women, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Post-Conflict, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, Security, Human Security

Year: 2012

Evaluating Climate Migration

Citation:

Detraz, Nicole, and Leah Windsor. 2014. “Evaluating Climate Migration.” International Feminist Journal of Politics 16 (1): 127–46. doi:10.1080/14616742.2013.789640.

Authors: Nicole Detraz, Leah Windsor

Abstract:

Climate change will negatively impact human communities and ecosystems, including driving increased food insecurity, increased exposure to disease, loss of livelihood and worsening poverty. Recent climate debates have focused attention on climate migrants, people who are displaced by the ecological stresses caused by climate change. To date, these debates have focused a great deal of attention on state security issues and have left the gender implications largely unexplored. In this article we examine the securitization of climate migration debates through gender lenses. We find that gender helps reveal and focus attention on the human security implications of climate migration and offers a useful discourse for climate policymaking.

Keywords: climate change, climate migration, gender and migration, human security, security

Topics: Displacement & Migration, Migration, Environment, Climate Change, Gender, Gender Analysis, Livelihoods, Security, Human Security

Year: 2014

Security, Secularism and Gender: The Turkish Military’s Security Discourse in Relation to Political Islam

Citation:

Arik, Hulya. 2016. “Security, Secularism and Gender: The Turkish Military’s Security Discourse in Relation to Political Islam.” Gender, Place & Culture 23 (5): 641–58. doi:10.1080/0966369X.2015.1034242.

 

Author: Hulya Arik

Abstract:

This article examines the sexual and corporeal constructions of risk within the security discourses of the Turkish military in response to the rise of political Islam and Islamist identities in Turkey. I look at the Turkish military as the self-proclaimed guardian of the secular Republic, which, until recently, has actively configured political Islam as a risk to national security and ingrained such risk onto the body of the headscarved woman. My analysis covers a time frame from 1980s to late 2000s when the military issued memorandums and public statements against the rise of political Islam and pursued a belligerent campaign to erase ‘Islamist’ identities both from civilian politics and its own structure. The military implemented security regulations and dress codes to detect the ‘Islamist’ military personnel who are most conspicuously identified with the dress style of the women in their families. I explore these security regulations through women’s everyday and personal experiences in relation to their dress, headscarf style and comportment in military spaces and try to understand how ‘Islamism’ is constructed as a security threat in sexually and corporeally specific ways. I demonstrate how secularism is constructed, and needs to be protected, on the basis of a particular regime of gender and sexuality at the merger of traditional gender norms and secular Western modernity.

Keywords: risk, headscarf, secularism, Turkish military, political islam, security

Topics: Gender, Women, Military Forces & Armed Groups, Militaries, Religion, Security, Sexuality Regions: MENA, Asia, Middle East, Europe, Southern Europe Countries: Turkey

Year: 2016

Gender, Securitization and Transit: Refugee Women and the Journey to the EU

Citation:

Gerard, Allison, and Sharon Pickering. 2013. "Gender, Securitization and Transit: Refugee Women and the Journey to the EU." Journal of Refugee Studies 27 (3): 338-59.

Authors: Allison Gerard, Sharon Pickering

Abstract:

European Union (EU) Member States have cultivated the ‘securitization of migration’, crafting a legal framework that prevents irregular migrants, including asylum seekers, from arriving in the EU. As external and internal border controls are reinvigorated to achieve this aim, the experiences of asylum seekers beyond the EU border, in designated ‘transit’ countries, necessitate further inquiry. Concepts of ‘transit’ are shaped by government accounts of ‘secondary migration’ as illegitimate, and asylum seekers as a security threat warranting containment. Based on interviews with Somali refugee women who have travelled through North Africa to reach the southern EU Member State of Malta, this article traces the impact of the securitization of migration on women’s experiences of ‘transit’. Women’s stories, historically neglected in the literature on migration, provide a lived account of securitization and the gendered ways ‘functional border sites’ operate beyond the EU, enlisting state and non-state actors in producing direct and structural violence. This article argues EU policy is blind to the lived realities of those who seek refugee protection in the EU, and urgently needs to address the structural contradictions exacerbating violence experienced by refugee women in transit.

Keywords: gender and irregular migration, securitization of migration, transit, border control

Topics: Displacement & Migration, Migration, Refugees, Gender, Women, International Organizations, Security, Human Security

Year: 2013

Bengal Border Revisited

Citation:

Banerjee, Paula. 2012. “Bengal Border Revisited.” Journal of Borderlands Studies 27 (1): 31–44. doi:10.1080/08865655.2012.687208.

Author: Paula Banerjee

Abstract:

This article deals with the notion of how borders have a penchant for becoming a marker of security. The moment borders become securitized the question of flows across them acquires particular importance. In the colonial period this was marked by concern over dacoits, thugees and hooligans who crossed the district border at will. In the post-colonial period concern remains over undocumented migrants and whether their arrival threatens the nation form. Against this background the article addresses the notion of flows and increasing violence at the borders, fencing as the most recent marker of such violence and how women and the evolution of their relationship to the border is shaped through the discourses of violence.

Topics: Citizenship, Coloniality/Post-Coloniality, Displacement & Migration, Migration, Gender, Gender Analysis, Nationalism, Security, Human Security, Violence Regions: Asia, South Asia Countries: Bangladesh, India

Year: 2012

The Securtiy Threat of Asia's Sex Ratios

Citation:

den Boer, Andrea, and Valerie Hudson. 2004. “The Securtiy Threat of Asia’s Sex Ratios.” SAIS Review of International Affairs 24 (2): 27–43. doi:10.1353/sais.2004.0028.

Abstract:

“Security demographics" has become a new subfield of security studies in recent years as scholars envision the security implications of long-term demographic change. This subfield provides important new insight into the problem of population, social stability and conflict, but our research suggests that an additional demographic factor must be taken into account when assessing social stability and security of a state - that of sex ratios. What are the security implications for a population whose males, particularly those of the young adult population, significantly outnumber females? China and India, as well as several other Asian states, are currently undergoing various demographic transitions, one of the most important being the increasingly high sex ratios of young segments of these populations. We argue that internal instability is heightened in nations displaying the high level of exaggerated gender inequality indicated by high sex ratios, leading to an altered security calculus for the state. Possibilities of meaningful democracy and peaceful foreign policy are diminished as a result. The high sex ratios in China and India in particular have implications for the long-term security of these nations and the Asian region more broadly. 

Topics: Democracy / Democratization, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Equality/Inequality, Security Regions: Asia, East Asia, South Asia Countries: China, India

Year: 2004

A Decade of Human Security: Global Governance and New Multilateralisms

Citation:

Black, David R., Sandra J. MacLean, and Timothy M. Shaw, eds. 2006. A Decade of Human Security: Global Governance and New Multilateralisms. London: Routledge.

Authors: David R. Black, Sandra J. MacLean, Timothy M. Shaw

Topics: Gender, Governance, Security, Human Security Regions: Americas, North America Countries: Canada

Year: 2006

Women in Peace Politics

Citation:

Banerjee, Paula. 2008. Women in Peace Politics. New Delhi: SAGE Publications.

Author: Paula Banerjee

Annotation:

"Women in Peace Politics explores the role of women as agents and visionaries of peace in South Asia. Peace is redefined to include in its fold the attempt by women to be a part of the peace making process, reworking the structural inequalities faced by them and their struggle against all forms of oppression. This volume, the third in the series of the South Asia Peace Studies, deals with the myriad dimensions of peace as practised by South Asian women over a period of time. It chronicles the lives of "ordinary" women—their transformative role in peace and an attempt to create a space of their own. Their peace activism is examined in the historical context of their participation in national liberation movements since the early twentieth century. The articles in the collection adopt a new approach to understanding peace—as a desire to end repression that cuts across caste, class, race and gender and an effort on the part of women to transform their position in society."
-AbeBooks

Topics: Caste, Class, Conflict Prevention, Gender, Women, Gender Balance, Gendered Power Relations, Peacebuilding, Peace Processes, Political Participation, Race, Security, Human Security Regions: Asia, South Asia

Year: 2008

Women, Security, South Asia: In Search of a New Paradigm

Citation:

Faizal, Farah, and Swarna Rajagopalan. 2005. “Women, Security, South Asia: In Search of a New Paradigm.” In Women, Security, South Asia: A Clearing in the Thicket. London: Sage Publications.

Authors: Farah Faizal, Swarna Rajagopalan

Annotation:

"This book explores women's perspectives on matters of security and related policy, focusing on women in South Asia who are battling society, insecurity and violence in some form. The book makes three important contributions. First, it examines existing theories of security. Secondly, it goes beyond critique and narrative to seek concrete new agendas for empirical research in security studies. Finally, it brings together statistical, ethnographic and survey data" (SAGE publishing). 

Topics: Civil Society, Feminisms, Gender, Women, Gender-Based Violence, Security, Security Sector Reform, Violence Regions: Asia, South Asia

Year: 2005

Property Ownership & Inheritance Rights of Women for Social Protection - The South Asia Experience

Citation:

“Property Ownership & Inheritance Rights of Women for Social Protection - The South Asia Experience.” 2006. Synthesis. International Center for Research on Women. http://www.icrw.org/files/publications/Property-Ownership-and-Inheritance-Rights-of-Women-for-Social-Protection-The-South-Asia-Experience.pdf.

 

Author: International Center for Research on Women

Topics: Domestic Violence, Economies, Gender, Women, Rights, Property Rights, Women's Rights, Security Regions: Asia, South Asia Countries: India, Sri Lanka

Year: 2006

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