Peace and Security

Pathways to Achieving Food Security, Sustainable Peace and Gender Equality: Evidence from Three FAO Interventions

Citation:

Justino, Patria, Hagermen, Katharine, Jackson, Julius, Joshi, Indira, Sisto, Illaria, and Asha Bradley. 2018. “Pathways to Achieving Food Security, Sustainable Peace and Gender Equality: Evidence from Three FAO Interventions.” Development Policy Review 38 (1): 85-99.

Authors: Patricia Justino, Katharine Hagermen, Julius Jackson, Indira Joshi, Illaria Sista, Asha Bradley

Abstract:

There is increasing recognition that livelihood security, sustainable peace, conflict prevention and gender equality are complementary goals requiring integrated policy approaches, yet there is limited evidence on the links between these key development pillars.

Keywords: conflict, food security, gender equality, livelihoods, peace

Topics: Conflict Prevention, Development, Gender, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Equality/Inequality, Livelihoods, Peace and Security, Security, Food Security

Year: 2018

(En)gendered Security? The Complexities of Women's Inclusion in Peace Processes

Citation:

Ellerby, Kara. 2013. “(En)gendered Security? The Complexities of Women's Inclusion in Peace Processes.” International Interactions 39 (4): 435-60.

Author: Kara Ellerby

Abstract:

As peacebuilding discourses increasingly stress the importance of including women, to what degree have security-related practices taken heed? It has been over 10 years since the United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace, and Security, yet it remains a “confused and confusing” tool for scholars and practitioners in assessing women’s inclusion in peacebuilding. This article adds to our understanding on women and peacebuilding by engaging 1325 as an operationalizable concept and then applying it to peace agreements to understand how women’s security is addressed as part of formal peace processes. Given previous difficulties in operationalizing 1325’s mandate, this article engages it as a three-level concept useful for studying the ways in which women are “brought into” security, called (en)gendered security. Using this concept of (en)gendered security, I assess intrastate peace agreements between 1991 and 2010 to elucidate where and how women are included in peace processes. This article illustrates the potential of a systematized and practical approach to security embodied in 1325 and a preliminary discussion of what accounts for better approaches to (en)gendered security during peacebuilding.

Keywords: Gender, peace agreements, peacebuilding, Resolution 1325, security, women

Topics: Gender, Women, Peace and Security, Peacebuilding, Political Participation, Peace Processes, Security, UN Security Council Resolutions on WPS, UNSCR 1325

Year: 2013

Women Peace and Security: Adrift in Policy and Practice

Citation:

Davis, Laura. 2019. "Women Peace and Security: Adrift in Policy and Practice." Feminist Legal Studies 27 (1): 95-107.

Author: Laura Davis

Abstract:

This comment refects on how the Women, Peace and Security (WPS) agenda has been translated into policy and put into practice by the European Union and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Although the WPS agenda has enabled many gains by women peacebuilders, this comment identifes important challenges from these two very diferent contexts. First, situating WPS policy areas within a broader feminist political economy analysis demonstrates how little infuence the WPS agenda has across government. Second, the WPS agenda is being (mis)used to promote heteronormative, patriarchal understanding of ‘gender’, stripped of any power dynamics and excluding any gender identities that do not conform. The result, then, is that WPS policies and practice are adrift in the patriarchal policy mainstream.

Topics: Feminisms, Feminist Political Economy, Gender, Gendered Power Relations, Patriarchy, Peacebuilding, Peace and Security, UN Security Council Resolutions on WPS Regions: Africa, Central Africa, Europe Countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo

Year: 2019

How Women Are Imagined Through Conceptual Metaphors in United Nations Security Council Resolutions on Women, Peace and Security

Citation:

Martín De La Rosa, Victoria, and Luis Miguel Lázaro. 2019. "How Women Are Imagined through Conceptual Metaphors in United Nations Security Council Resolutions on Women, Peace and Security." Journal of Gender Studies 28 (4): 373-86.

Authors: Victoria Martín de La Rosa, Luis Miguel Lázaro

Abstract:

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 is a landmark pronouncement on the Women, Peace and Security Agenda. Not only does this resolution highlight the important role of the involvement of women in peace processes, but it also stresses the importance of their equal participation in all efforts for the maintenance and promotion of peace. Furthermore, it also triggers the approval of some other resolutions, which are all further elaborations on that first document. The aim of this paper is to analyse, from a cognitive linguistic perspective, the way in which women are actually narrated in these pronouncements by means of the two conceptual metaphors that are most often repeated: WOMEN ARE VICTIMS, typically found in earlier resolutions, and WOMEN ARE AGENTS OF CHANGE, as the metaphor that has gained more strength and visibility as new resolutions have continued to appear. As metaphors are the cognitive lenses we use to make sense of abstract concepts, it is important that we look closely at each of those metaphors to see how they shape the characterization of women in times of armed conflict and post-conflict and, in doing so, how they guide our understanding and behaviour towards them.

Keywords: UNSC resolutions, peacebuilding, gender equality, conceptual metaphors

Topics: Armed Conflict, Gender, Women, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Equality/Inequality, Peace and Security, Post-Conflict, Peace Processes, UN Security Council Resolutions on WPS, UNSCR 1325

Year: 2019

The Importance of Gender Parity in the UN's Efforts on International Peace and Security

Citation:

Valji, Nahla, and Pablo Castillo. 2019. "The Importance of Gender Parity in the UN's Efforts on International Peace and Security." Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations 20 (2): 4-19.

Authors: Nahla Valji, Pablo Castillo

Keywords: equality, Gender, gender parity, peacebuilding, peacekeeping, United Nations, women, Africa

Annotation:

Summary: 
“In January 2017, Antonio Guterres began his tenure as the ninth Secretary-General of the UN. In taking the oath of office, he pledged to achieve gender parity in the world body for the first time in seven decades. In just over a year, gender parity was reached in 2018 in both the Secretary-General's senior management group--his 'cabinet' made of many the heads of various UN departments and agencies in headquarters--and among Resident Coordinators, effectively the heads of the UN at the country level. The road to the ultimate goal of parity at all levels across the Organization will be a longer process, as laid out in the Secretary-General's System-Wide Strategy on Gender Parity. Here, Valji and Castillo highlight the continued stark absence of women from key policy spaces and sites of power and restates the case for the importance of gender parity as a fundamental building block of both gender equality and the overall effectiveness of institutions and outcomes.” (Valji and Castillo 2019, 4)

Topics: Gender, Women, Gender Balance, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Equality/Inequality, International Organizations, Peace and Security, Peacekeeping, Peace Processes

Year: 2019

Women, Peace and Security in Myanmar: Between Feminism and Ethnopolitics

Citation:

Kolås, Åshild. 2020. Women, Peace and Security in Myanmar: between Feminism and Ethnopolitics. Abingdon; New York: Routledge.

Author: Åshild Kolås

Annotation:

Summary:
This book describes women's efforts as agents for change in Myanmar and examines the potential of the peace process as an opportunity for women's empowerment. Following decades of political turbulence, the volume describes the contributions of women to contemporary Burmese politics and reflects on the significance of the Women, Peace and Security agenda in the context of Myanmar. The book examines how women have mobilized for peace, while addressing women's participation in the conflict, and investigates the perspectives and aims of women's organizations, and the challenges and aspirations of women activists in Myanmar's ethnic areas. Contributions in the volume discuss and critically assess the argument that war and peacebuilding adds momentum to the transformation of gender roles. By presenting new knowledge on women's disempowerment and empowerment in conflict, and their participation in peacebuilding, this book adds important insights into the debate on gender and political change in societies affected by conflict. This book will be of interest to students of peace and conflict studies, gender studies and security studies in general. (Summary from Routledge)
 
Table of Contents:
Introduction: Women, Peace and Security in Myanmar: The Map and the Terrain
Ashild Kolas
 
1. UNSCR 1325 in Myanmar: Women's Rights, Peace and Security in Times of Transition
Camilla Buzzi
 
2. Women in the Myanmar Peace Process: The 30-Percent Target
Debendra Prasad Adhikari
 
3. Women-to-Women Diplomacy and the Women's League of Burma
Magda Lorena Cardenas
 
4. No Peace in a Ceasefire: Women's Agency for Peace in the Kachin Conflict
Marte Nilsen
 
5. Women’s Participation in Peacebuilding: Views from Mon Rural Communities
Myint Myint Mon
 
6. Women Survivor’s Experiences of War and Perspectives on Peace in Myanmar
S. Hkawng Naw
 
7. Women in Myanmar’s Ethnic Armed Organizations: Numbers and Narratives
Åshild Kolås and Leitanthem Umakanta Meitei
 
8. Women’s ‘Marginal Voices’: Diverse Perspectives on Peace and Security in Myanmar
Elena Di Padova

Topics: Conflict, Ethnicity, Feminisms, Gender, Women, Gender Roles, Peace and Security, Peacebuilding, Political Participation, Peace Processes Regions: Asia, Southeast Asia Countries: Myanmar

Year: 2020

The ‘War’/‘Not-War’ Divide: Domestic Violence in the Preventing Sexual Violence Initiative

Citation:

Gray, Harriet. 2018. "The ‘War’/‘Not-War’ Divide: Domestic Violence in the Preventing Sexual Violence Initiative." The British Journal of Politics and International Relations 21 (1): 189-206.

Author: Harriet Gray

Abstract:

While recognising the importance of policy designed to tackle conflict-related sexual and gender-based violence, scholars have increasingly critiqued such policies for failing sufficiently to apprehend the multiple forms of this violence – from rape deployed as a weapon of war to domestic violence – as interrelated oppressions located along a continuum. In this article, I explore a connected but distinct line of critique, arguing that sexual and gender-based violence policies are also limited by a narrow understanding of how gender-based violences relate to war itself. Drawing on an analysis of the British Government’s Preventing Sexual Violence Initiative, I identify a key distinction which emerges between those types of sexual and gender-based violence which are considered to be part of war, and those which are not. This division, I suggest, closes down space for recognising how war is also enacted within private spaces.

Keywords: armed conflict, conflict-related SGBV, domestic violence, Gender, preventing sexual violence initiative, private sphere, PSVI, public sphere, sexual and gender-based violence, war, Women Peace and Security agenda

Topics: Armed Conflict, Conflict, Domestic Violence, Gender, Women, Gender Analysis, Gender-Based Violence, Households, Peace and Security, Sexual Violence, Rape Regions: Europe, Northern Europe Countries: United Kingdom

Year: 2018

Syrian Women and the Refugee Crisis: Surviving the Conflict, Building Peace, and Taking New Gender Roles

Citation:

Asaf, Yumna. 2017. "Syrian Women and the Refugee Crisis: Surviving the Conflict, Building Peace, and Taking New Gender Roles." Social Sciences 6 (3).

Author: Yumna Asaf

Abstract:

Women and men experience conflicts differently. Women, even as non-combatants, suffer a great harm. Wars are gendered, both in causes and consequences. Women are deliberately excluded from formal peace negotiations. Work done for the reconstruction of conflict ridden societies, fail to recognize with women’s realities and needs. Despite that, women have remained influential at the grassroots level in peace-building and rehabilitation. The paper uses the example of Syria, to explore beyond the most prominent perception of women borne out of an armed conflict, i.e., of the ‘victims of war’ and assesses, in how many different ways women have survived the Syrian conflict and have made efforts for peace, informally and formally, challenging the narrative of women as just a group with special needs and requirements. For this purpose, the paper has content analysis of the previous research, data, reports, mainstream news articles, and other relevant information on the topics of housing, food, health, work and financial security, changed roles, isolation, and gender-based violence to understand how women’s role in all these spheres are shaping new narratives for women, peace and security, distinct from the prevalent existing ones.

Keywords: women, armed conflicts, peacebuilding

Topics: Armed Conflict, Gender, Gender-Based Violence, Households, Peacebuilding, Peace and Security, Peace Processes, Post-Conflict, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, Security Regions: MENA, Asia, Middle East Countries: Syria

Year: 2017

Gendering Peace in Northern Ireland: The Role of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security

Citation:

Pierson, Claire. 2019. "Gendering Peace in Northern Ireland: The Role of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security." Capital & Class 43 (1): 57-71.

Author: Claire Pierson

Abstract:

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 on ‘women, peace and security’ was passed in 2000 to recognise and enhance women’s participation in peace-building. The Resolution has growing global significance in conflicted societies yet there is limited analysis of its implementation in specific social contexts. Utilising feminist theory on gender in conflicted societies and original empirical evidence from key grassroots community activists in Northern Ireland, I will consider the potential of the 1325 framework as a tool for conceptualising and achieving gender security and equality. This article contributes to an understanding of the importance of deep contextual interpretation for implementation of the women, peace and security agenda and argues for a feminist intersectional interpretation of the Resolution to enable its transformative potential for both peace-building and gender equality.

Keywords: equality, Gender, Northern Ireland, peace, security, women

Topics: Civil Society, Conflict, Feminisms, Gender, Women, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Equality/Inequality, Governance, Post-Conflict Governance, Peacebuilding, Peacekeeping, Peace and Security, UN Security Council Resolutions on WPS, UNSCR 1325 Regions: Europe, Western Europe Countries: United Kingdom

Year: 2019

Gender Violence in Peace and War: States of Complicity

Citation:

Sanford, Victoria, Katerina  Stefatos, and Cecila M. Salvi. 2016. Gender Violence in Peace and War: States of Complicity. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.

Authors: Victoria Sanford, Katerina Stefatos, Cecila M. Salvi

Annotation:

Summary:
Reports from war zones often note the obscene victimization of women, who are frequently raped, tortured, beaten, and pressed into sexual servitude. Yet this reign of terror against women not only occurs during exceptional moments of social collapse, but during peacetime too. As this powerful book argues, violence against women should be understood as a systemic problem—one for which the state must be held accountable.  The twelve essays in Gender Violence in Peace and War present a continuum of cases where the state enables violence against women—from state-sponsored torture to lax prosecution of sexual assault. Some contributors uncover buried histories of state violence against women throughout the twentieth century, in locations as diverse as Ireland, Indonesia, and Guatemala. Others spotlight ongoing struggles to define the state’s role in preventing gendered violence, from domestic abuse policies in the Russian Federation to anti-trafficking laws in the United States.  Bringing together cutting-edge research from political science, history, gender studies, anthropology, and legal studies, this collection offers a comparative analysis of how the state facilitates, legitimates, and perpetuates gender violence worldwide. The contributors also offer vital insights into how states might adequately protect women’s rights in peacetime, as well as how to intervene when a state declares war on its female citizens. (Summary from Google Books) 
 
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Victoria Sanford, Katerina Stefatos and Cecilia M. Salvi
 
Part I: State Violence, Gender, and Resistance
1. Subaltern Bodies: Gender Violence, Sexual Torture, and Political Repression during the Greek Military Dictatorship (1967-1974)
Katerina Stefatos
 
2. Sexual Violence as a Weapon during the Guatemalan Genocide
Victoria Sanford, Sofía Duros Álvarez-Arenas and Kathleen Dill
 
3. Gender, Incarceration, and Power Relations during the Irish Civil War (1922-1923)
Laura McAtackney
 
4. Resistance and Activism against State Violence in Chiapas, Mexico
Melanie Hoewer
 
Part II: The Continuum of Sexual Violence and the Role of the State
5. Medical Record Review and Evidence of Mass Rape during the 2007-2008 Post-election Violence in Kenya
 
6. The Force of Writing in Genocide: On Sexual Violence in al-Anfāl Operations and Beyond
Fazil Moradi
 
7. Sexualized Bodies, Public Mutilation, and Torture at the Beginning of Indonesia's New Order Regime (1965-1966)
Annie Pohlman
 
Part III: State Responses to Gender Violence
8. Advances and Limits of Policing and Human Security for Women: Nicaragua in Comparative Perspective
Shannon Drysdale Walsh
 
9. The State to the Rescue? The Contested Terrain of Domestic Violence in Postcommunist Russia
Maija Jäppinen and Janet Elise Johnson
 
10. The Absent State: Teen Mothers and New Patriarchal Forms of Gender Subordination in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Serena Cosgrove
 
11. Anti-Trafficking Legislation, Gender Violence, and the State
Cecilia M. Salvi
 
Conclusion: Reflections on the Women, Peace, and Security Agenda
Kimberly Theidon

Topics: Conflict, Domestic Violence, Gender, Women, Gender-Based Violence, Gender Mainstreaming, Peace and Security, Peace Processes, Sexual Violence Regions: Americas, Central America, Asia, Southeast Asia, Europe Countries: Guatemala, Indonesia, Ireland, Russian Federation

Year: 2016

Pages

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