Morocco

Citation:

Budlender, Debbie. 2009. Ten-Country Overview Report: Integrating Gender Responsive Budgeting into the Aid Effectiveness Agenda. New York: The United Nations Development Fund for Women.

Author: Debbie Budlender

Abstract:

The following research reports (1 composite report and 10 country reports) have been generated as part of the UNIFEM programme,  "Integrating gender responsive budgeting into the aid effectiveness agenda”. The three-year programme funded by the European Commission (EC) was launched in 2008 and consists of research and programmatic technical assistance.

The programme seeks to demonstrate how gender responsive budgeting (GRB) tools and strategies contribute to enhancing a positive impact on gender equality of aid provided in the form of General Budget Support (GBS).

The first aspect of the programme involved research in ten developing countries to deepen the understanding of national partners and European Union (EU) decision makers of the opportunities for using GRB to enhance accountability to gender equality in the context of the aid effectiveness agenda. Concerned countries were Ethiopia, Peru, Tanzania, Uganda, Morocco, Nepal, India, Rwanda, Mozambique and Cameroon.

The second aspect of the programme will involve the selection of five countries in which targeted and tailored technical support will be provided in 2009 and 2010 to improve country capacity to further institutionalise GRB. (Abstract from UN Women)

Topics: Gender, Gender Budgeting Regions: Africa, MENA, Central Africa, East Africa, North Africa, Southern Africa, Americas, South America, Asia, South Asia Countries: Cameroon, Ethiopia, India, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Peru, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda

Year: 2009

Citation:

Khan, Zohra. 2015. “Gender-Responsive Budgeting.” In The Oxford Handbook of Transnational Feminist Movements, edited by Rawwida Baksh and Wendy Harcourt, 485-506. New York: Oxford University Press. doi: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199943494.013.022. 

Author: Zohra Khan

Abstract:

This chapter situates gender-responsive budgeting, or GRB, within the debates and research in feminist economics and analysis of macroeconomics, poverty and inequality. It traces the origins of GRB back to seminal experiences in Australia and South Africa that laid the foundation for more recent practice in countries including Ecuador, Morocco and Nepal. It looks at the actors, strategic alliances and partnerships that have supported the mushrooming of GRB around the world to show that one of the main strengths of this work is the transitional networking and coming together of feminists, inside and outside bureaucracies, in support of more and better resources for women. Charting the journey of GRB, it illustrates that where it has succeeded, it has resulted in better alignment between policy commitments and financing for gender equality. Some of main critiques of GRB are addressed and important questions about the future of this work are considered.

Keywords: gender-responsive budgeting, GRB, feminist economics, poverty inequality, women's organization, national women's machinery

Topics: Economies, Economic Inequality, Poverty, Gender, Women, Gender Budgeting, Gender Mainstreaming Regions: Africa, MENA, North Africa, Southern Africa, Americas, South America, Asia, South Asia, Oceania Countries: Australia, Ecuador, Morocco, Nepal, South Africa

Year: 2015

Citation:

Weinbaum, Batya. 2006. “How Sexual Trauma Can Create Obstacles to Transnational Feminism: The Case of Shifra.” NWSA Journal 18 (3): 71-87.

Author: Batya Weinbaum

Abstract:

Obstacles to organizing peace can sometimes emerge because women have suffered previous sexual violence. Consequently, the frame through which they react to contemporary political situations, including peace demonstrations organized by transnational feminists, might at the core have an internal structure derived from previous violation that women then project to identify, modify, and contain controversy in external events. Therefore, closely examining the border between private and public spheres in women's lives might not always lead to progressive politics for women as a group, as some might hope. Rather, some women might attempt to recover from specifically sexual violence in previous wars, seizing upon discourse bound of national security. They may attempt to regain internal strength by fortifying gender identity that has been thrown into crisis, using nationalistic contours to reaffirm their sense of self. This might lead them to actively protest other women working for peace. Since trauma survivors exhibit modes of recounting life histories that vividly dramatize past events in order to draw attention to private pain in public, the force of such narrators who speak in the streets can upstage peaceworkers' events.

Topics: Armed Conflict, Displacement & Migration, Refugees, Refugee/IDP Camps, Ethnicity, Feminisms, Gender, Women, Gender-Based Violence, Health, Trauma, Nationalism, Religion, Security, Sexual Violence, Rape, SV against Women, Violence Regions: Africa, MENA, North Africa, Asia, Middle East, Europe, Western Europe Countries: France, Israel, Morocco, Palestine / Occupied Palestinian Territories, Spain

Year: 2006

Citation:

Benadada, Assia. 1999. “Les femmes dans le mouvement nationaliste marocain”. Clio. Histoire, femmes et sociétés, 9, en ligne. DOI: 10.4000/clio.1523

English: Benadada, Assia. 1999. “Women in the Moroccan national movement.” Clio. History, women and societies, 9, online. DOI: 10.4000/clio.1523

Author: Assia Benadada

Abstract:

L'article cherche à dégager le rôle des femmes dans le mouvement nationaliste marocain. Il s'appuie sur une lecture attentive des sources écrites coloniales et sur des sources orales que l'auteur a collectées auprès de quelques actrices du mouvement.

English Abstract:

This article seeks to uncover the role of women in the Moroccan nationalist movement. It is based on a careful reading of written sources from the colonial period and on oral sources that the author has collected from participants in the movement. (Clio)

Topics: Armed Conflict, National Liberation Wars, Coloniality/Post-Coloniality, Gender, Women, Nationalism, Political Participation Regions: Africa, MENA, North Africa Countries: Morocco

Year: 1999

Citation:

Ballington, Julie, ed. 2004. The Implementation of Quotas: African Experiences. Stockholm: The International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance.

Author: Julie Ballington

Abstract:

This report examines women’s political representation on the African continent, and shows how quotas have contributed to increasing women’s access to political power. Gender quotas are now increasingly viewed as an important policy measure for boosting women’s access to decision-making bodies throughout the world. Experience from Africa is very encouraging: over 20 countries on the continent either have legislated quotas or political parties that have adopted them voluntarily. This report illustrates the different quota types that are being implemented in different political contexts.

The report includes 17 regional and country case studies. The country case studies include Egypt, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and Uganda. (IDEA)

Topics: Gender, Women, Governance, Quotas, Political Participation Regions: Africa, MENA, Central Africa, East Africa, North Africa, Southern Africa, West Africa Countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda

Year: 2004

Citation:

Ennaji, Moha, and Fatima Sadiqi. 2008. Migration and Gender in Morocco: The Impact of Migration on the Women Left Behind. Trenton, NJ: Red Sea Press.

Authors: Moha Ennaji, Fatima Sadiqi

Abstract:

This book focuses on international migration, given its highly significant political, economic, social, and cultural repercussions on both Morocco and the receiving countries. While the book focuses on the issue of migration and gender in Morocco, it discusses gender issues, particularly the situation of the women left behind by male migrants. The book presents updated figures and information on Moroccan migrants and migration to Europe. It discusses the development of the migration phenomenon, especially the motives for migration and migration effects on the women left behind in matters of development and in social change. The findings reveal that migration has positive effects on Moroccan society as a whole, concretized in the important remittances (over 3.3 billion dollars) sent back home each year. (Amazon)

Topics: Development, Displacement & Migration, Migration, Economies, Gender, Political Participation Regions: Africa, MENA, North Africa Countries: Morocco

Year: 2008

Citation:

Steinmann, Susanne H. 1998. "Gender, Pastoralism and Intensification: Changing Environmental Resource Use in Morocco." Yale Forestry and Environment Bulletin (103): 81-107.

Author: Susanne H. Steinmann

Abstract:

Through a study of the sedentarization of the Beni Guil pastoral nomads of eastern Morocco, this paper examines how gender interacts with environmental and socio-economic change. Based on extensive fieldwork with the Beni Guil, this paper demonstrates how gendered resource exploitation–in particular, the collection of mushrooms, medicinal plants, and fuelwood–is recast through sedentarization, urbanization, and commercialization. The case of the Beni Guil suggests that certain accepted theories of the consequences of settlement for nomad women and their local environments should be re-examined in order to understand better the past and present, and to plan for the future.

Topics: Education, Environment, Gender, Women Regions: Africa, MENA, North Africa Countries: Morocco

Year: 1998

Citation:

Dennerlein, Bettina. 2012. “Remembering Violence, Negotiating Change: The Moroccan Equity and Reconciliation Commission and the Politics of Gender.” Journal of Middle East Women’s Studies 8 (1): 10-36.

Author: Bettina Dennerlein

Abstract:

This paper focuses on competing appropriations of international women's rights standards in the framework of the Moroccan Equity and Reconciliation Commission (ERC) and its follow-up projects. I argue that, even if the ERC's gender approach has been introduced as part of international models of transitional justice, it is geared toward earlier women's rights and human rights activism, as well as to established state practices of at least selectively supporting women's rights. Like political reform in general, the ERC and its gender approach are an outcome of internal, long-time dynamics of change. Within the ERC's politics of gender, there exists a tendency to depoliticize women's rights activism in the process of reconciliation by making women a target for welfare measures and "human development." Yet, at the same time, the officially recognized gender approach also allows for strategies to broaden the basis for women's rights activism by making women's experiences of violence during the "Years of Lead" (the period of fierce repression under the rule of Hassan II), an issue of concern in the framework of its new politics of memory. The implementation of the ERC's gender approach can be interpreted as an example of how women's rights activism may be able to push its agenda while adjusting to both transnational discourses and national politics.

Topics: Development, Gender, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Equity, Governance, Post-Conflict Governance, Justice, Transitional Justice, TRCs, Peacebuilding, Political Participation, Rights, Human Rights, Women's Rights Regions: Africa, MENA, North Africa Countries: Morocco

Year: 2012

Citation:

Khattabi, Abdellatif, Manar Matah, and Soumaya Ibrahim Huber. 2014. “Gender inequality in the context of climate change: The case of the Boudinar commune in Morocco.” In Gender Research in Natural Resource Management: Building capacities in the Middle East and North Africa, edited by Malika Abdelali-Martini and Aden Aw-Hassan, 128-165. New York: Routledge.

Authors: Abdellatif Khattabi, Manar Matah, Soumaya Ibrahim Huber

Topics: Environment, Climate Change, Gender, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Equality/Inequality Regions: Africa, MENA, North Africa Countries: Morocco

Year: 2014

Citation:

Khattabi, Abdellatif, Soumaya Ibrahim Huber, Naima Faouzi, and Manar Matah. 2014. “The Effects of Changes in Climate and Water Resources on Gender Inequality in Boudinar Community in Morocco: The Case Study Approach.” In Gender Research in Natural Resource Management: Building capacities in the Middle East and North Africa, edited by Malika Abdelali-Martini and Aden Aw-Hassan, 166-186. New York: Routledge. 

Authors: Abdellatif Khattabi, Soumaya Ibrahim Huber, Naima Faouzi, Manar Matah

Topics: Environment, Climate Change, Gender, Gendered Power Relations, Gender Equality/Inequality, Infrastructure, Water & Sanitation Regions: Africa, MENA, North Africa Countries: Morocco

Year: 2014